Contagion in networks - Sentiment mutation and emotional contagion in social networks are similar to pathogen mutation and disease spreading to a certain degree in the population, so we seek to explore the propagation laws of negative sentiments in social networks by developing a dynamic model. The principle of it is similar to that of epidemic models, and …

tion is how network structure interacts with other potential sources of contagion. In the run-up to the crisis, leverage levels increased and capital buffers at …Complex contagion is the phenomenon in social networks in which multiple sources of exposure to an innovation are required before an individual adopts the change of behavior. [1] It differs from simple contagion in that unlike a disease, it may not be possible for the innovation to spread after only one incident of contact with an infected ...At that time, an individual’s sentiment contagion system will deviate from the balanced condition under the combined action, and the individuals in the system will go to extremes. 3. Numerical simulation in complex networks. In this section, by simulation we discuss some characteristics of our novel model.In this scenario, studies demonstrate how these programs reach the status of social contagion to achieve a collective good [53][54][55]. This type of social influence can be one of the ways to ...The prime minister has warned the Israel-Hamas war risks unleashing a "contagion of conflict" across the Middle East. Rishi Sunak, who met with leaders in …Fig. 5, Fig. 6 show the effects of changing the network structure on systemic risk and the number of defaulting banks with and without the non-central clearing, respectively. The network structure can be changed by changing the network density parameter to set the network density parameters a ∈ 0. 1, 0. 9.The greater the network …Learn More . Network security creates shielded, monitored, and secure communications between users and assets. Despite the rapid evolution of what …At that time, an individual’s sentiment contagion system will deviate from the balanced condition under the combined action, and the individuals in the system will go to extremes. 3. Numerical simulation in complex networks. In this section, by simulation we discuss some characteristics of our novel model.A contagion, like a virus or bacteria, is the agent responsible for causing contagious diseases. The disease itself can also be called a contagion. Contagious …First, we derive a contagion ripple-spreading network model (CRNM) from the pioneering work of Hu et al. (2011) to reveal the ripple-spreading paths of financial contagion. In the CRNM, we integrate information on the amplifying effect and risk prevention capability of financial markets, market distances, and contagion spreading …Modeling the effects and paths of systemic financial risk contagion is significant for financial stability. This paper focuses on China’s systemic financial risk from the perspective of dynamic networks. First, we construct a high-dimensional dynamic financial network model to capture risk contagion effects. Second, considering the ripple effect of financial risk …Monitoring and controlling financial contagion in banking systems is a challenging task, and micro-structural network contagion models are becoming …This paper aims to construct a feasible two-layer network model for the emotional contagion of passenger groups in the case of large-scale flight delays. This improved emotional contagion model can study the emotional contagion mechanism and process of delayed passengers between online and offline social contact networks.Luitgard A. M. Veraart. We develop a new model for solvency contagion that can be used to quantify systemic risk in stress tests of financial networks. In contrast to many existing models, it ...Default and contagion in crisp financial networks. Aim of the literature on contagion (see for instance [1] or [2]) is to compute in which way a shock, which initially affects only one bank, propagates in the financial networks and produces a contagion cascade. In this section, we present some of the main ideas in this literature which ...Two algorithms for computing the contagion threshold are presented. • Contagion thresholds of connected sets of nodes in a tree are completely determined. • Bounds for contagion thresholds of nodes in a general network are established. • Having more than six friends may make you more contagious than your locally dominating friend. •Here we are interested in studying the differences on the final contagion densities in networks with or without memory (Fig. 5.b main panel), all other parameters of the rumor spreading model ...Downloadable! We represent a social system as a network of agents and model the process of technology diffusion as a contagion propagating in such a network. By setting the necessary conditions for an agent to switch (ie. to adopt the technology), we address the question of how to maximize the contagion of a technology subject to a Moore’s law …Contagion in Financial Networks 3 sheets. The interactions between –nancial intermediaries following shocks make for non-linear system dynamics, and our model provides a framework for isolating the probability and spread of contagion when claims and obligations are interlinked. We –nd that –nancial systems exhibit a robust-yet-fragile ...The complicated interaction patterns among heterogeneous individuals have a profound impact on the contagion process in the networks. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence for the emergence of many-body interactions between two or more nodes in a wide range of biological and social networks. To encode these …Antonio Cabrales & Piero Gottardi & Fernando Vega-Redondo, 2017. " Risk Sharing and Contagion in Networks ," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30 (9), pages 3086-3127. Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:30:y:2017:i:9:p:3086-3127. We investigate the socially optimal design of financial networks, that allows to tackle the ...This paper studies financial contagion in a core-periphery interbank network where core banks are large in balance sheet size while periphery banks are smaller and link only with the core banks.Given ɛ > 0, a defended network (g, d) is ɛ-optimal if for all defended networks (g′, d ′). 2.2. Application: computer network security. We discuss the problem …We estimated these contagion effects by combining daily global weather data, which creates exogenous variation in running among friends, with data on the network ties and daily exercise patterns ...Contagion in close-knit financial networks. In 2011, Nature published a short discussion piece in which the Executive Director of Financial Stability in the Bank of England, Andrew G. Haldane, and Professor of Zoology at Oxford University, Robert M. May, proclaimed the systemic failure of the financial sector during the 2008 global financial crisis could be described and explained via an ...The presence of complex contagion mechanisms has been assessed in various contexts 27, but largely in online social networks and forums 28,29, thanks to their unique data traceability.The Dish Network satellite television service's basic actions are straightforward, but for those who want to make their television watching and recording even more efficient, there are a few tips that can help you get to things faster. Mos...Modeling the effects and paths of systemic financial risk contagion is significant for financial stability. This paper focuses on China’s systemic financial risk from the perspective of dynamic networks. First, we construct a high-dimensional dynamic financial network model to capture risk contagion effects. Second, considering the ripple effect of financial risk contagion, we introduce and ...Simplicial contagion in temporal higher-order networks - IOPscience Journal of Physics: Complexity Paper • Open access Simplicial contagion in temporal higher-order networks Sandeep Chowdhary5,1, Aanjaneya Kumar2, Giulia Cencetti3, Iacopo Iacopini1,4 and Federico Battiston1 Published 26 July 2021 • © 2021 The Author (s).Aug 5, 2021 · In this paper, we show how GNN, usually used for structure learning, can also be used to model contagion dynamics on complex networks. Our contribution is threefold. First, we design a training ... Abstract. The vast majority of strategies aimed at controlling contagion processes on networks consider a timescale separation between the evolution of the system and the unfolding of the process. However, in the real world, many networks are highly dynamical and evolve, in time, concurrently to the contagion phenomena.Here we extend simplicial contagion to time-varying networks, where pairwise and higher-order simplices can be created or destroyed over time. By following a microscopic Markov chain approach, we ...Biological disasters are outbreaks of diseases or contagions of plant and animal life on an epidemic or pandemic level or infestations of animal or insect life on an epidemic or pandemic level. Examples of biological disasters include chole...tion is how network structure interacts with other potential sources of contagion. In the run-up to the crisis, leverage levels increased and capital buffers at some banks were extremely thin. Large financial institutions had increased their reliance on short-term Contagion in Financial Networks † Paul Glasserman and H. Peyton Young*The end of 3G is here and AT&T along with the other carriers will be shutting down their network this year to make room for 5G. The end of 3G is here and AT&T along with the other carriers will be shutting down their network this year to ma...Our work on social networks and human behavior thus covers several domains and relies on diverse data and approaches. It builds on prior research on ‘peer effects’ and interpersonal influence by examining data in which individuals are embedded in networks much larger than two people. We summarize this work and describe critiques, …In brief, we use a diverse ensemble of simulated scale-free networks to test a variety of common social influence models, including: (1) the complex contagion model, using heterogeneous ...Abstract. This paper studies intertemporal asset pricing in network economies when distress shocks can propagate through the network, similarly to epidemic outbreaks. Two classes of equilibria exist. In the first, idiosyncratic shocks are diversifiable and do not affect valuations; the consumption capital asset pricing model applies.In financial networks links stand for loan agreements between financial institutions which are represented by the nodes of the network. There are two types of contagion that have been studied on networks formed by financial links. The first type of contagion is caused by insolvencies and flows from borrowers to lenders. There are many options for watching network TV online. It’s a great option for if you’re out of the house and still want to catch up on your favorite shows, or perhaps you prefer to stream TV on your phone. Whatever the case, check out thes...Thus, with bankruptcy costs, the probability of contagion is at least ( 1 - ( 57 / 150)) q = 0.62 q, which is now greater than the probability of direct defaults through independent shocks. A similar comparison holds with truncated exponentially distributed shocks. This example illustrates how bankruptcy costs increase the probability of contagion.Downloadable (with restrictions)! By considering overlapping portfolios among financial institutions, we construct a financial contagion model for inter-bank networks with two channels of contagion: counter-party risk and common asset holdings risk. Based on the model, we verify the contribution of overlapping portfolios to systemic risk contagion and further analyse how …tion is how network structure interacts with other potential sources of contagion. In the run-up to the crisis, leverage levels increased and capital buffers at some banks were extremely thin. Large financial institutions had increased their reliance on short-term Contagion in Financial Networks † Paul Glasserman and H. Peyton Young*The aim of this chapter is to provide an introduction to the literature on financial contagion in networks. We aim to do this by focusing on a limited number of papers in some formal …The network is particularly vulnerable to contagion when the originating node is large, highly leveraged, and, crucially, has a relatively high proportion of its obligations held by other financial institutions as opposed to the nonfinancial sector, what we will call high financial connectivity.Due to the complicated transport and reactive behavior of organic contamination in groundwater, the development of mathematical models to aid field …exercises targeting linkages in the financial network other than interbank lending. This is a brief summary of the main results of the paper: Traditional indicators underestimate contagion risk. DR captures features of a bank systemic importance, such as …Here we extend simplicial contagion to time-varying networks, where pairwise and higher-order simplices can be created or destroyed over time. By following a microscopic Markov chain approach, we ...Using a case study of a newly emerging CSA, the role of social contagion in network evolution will be assessed. The merit of this research stems from its central task of uncovering the dynamics manifest in the evolution of food networks. Network mapping will quantify the changes of food networks that have previously only been captured in a ...Abstract. This contribution studies the effects of credit contagion on the credit risk of a portfolio of bank loans. To this aim we introduce a model that takes into account the counterparty risk in a network of interdependent firms that describes the presence of business relations among different firms. The location of the firms is simulated ...On the one hand, it drives banks to form a network that minimizes contagion. On the other hand, it concentrates the risk of fire sale at the core of big banks. Interestingly, network thus formed under imperfect information may partially resolve network uncertainty. This is because equilibrium in our model is a self-fulfilling phenomenon.We estimated these contagion effects by combining daily global weather data, which creates exogenous variation in running among friends, with data on the network ties and daily exercise patterns ...To this end, we suggest the possibility of designing an in-silico experiment in which homophily is arbitrarily tuned by artificially affecting the social network structure, for example by introducing an ad-hoc community structure [53–55], and contagion is thus analyzed in light of the controlled homophily mechanism.The proposed contagion-based dynamics are verified through an empirical multi-city analysis, and can be used to monitor, predict and control the fraction of congested links in the network over ...See Full PDFDownload PDF. Infectious Disease Modeling of Social Contagion in Networks Alison L. Hill1,2*, David G. Rand1,3, Martin A. Nowak1,4,5, Nicholas A. Christakis6,7,8 1 Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Biophysics Program and Harvard-MIT Division of Health ...Contagion definition, the communication of disease by direct or indirect contact. See more.Business networking is a great way to get ahead professionally. Visit HowStuffWorks to learn all about business networking. Advertisement There's so much buzz about business networking that you might think that it's modern man's greatest in...Modeling contagion dynamics of network traffic jams. Consider a network with N directed links. At time t = 0 every link in the network is in the free flow or uncongested regime, F (0) = N and no ...Abstract. This paper studies intertemporal asset pricing in network economies when distress shocks can propagate through the network, similarly to epidemic outbreaks. Two classes of equilibria exist. In the first, idiosyncratic shocks are diversifiable and do not affect valuations; the consumption capital asset pricing model applies.4 Some studies analyse financial contagion using random or fat-tailed networks. For instance, Gai and Kapadia (Citation 2010) reveal features of an interbank network exhibiting a robust-yet-fragile property, whereby high connectivity increases risk-sharing and reduces the probability of contagious failure, but when contagion occurs, more links allow the possibility of widespread …Scientific Reports (2018) The threshold model has been widely adopted as a classic model for studying contagion processes on social networks. We consider asymmetric individual interactions in ...Contagion is a process whereby the collapse of a node in a network leads to the collapse of neighboring nodes and thereby sets off a chain reaction in the network. ... Visual analytics methods can help analysts examine contagion effects. For this purpose, network visualizations need to be complemented with specific features to illustrate the ...Abstract Many behavioral phenomena have been found to spread interpersonally through social networks, in a manner similar to infectious diseases. An important difference between social contagion and traditional infectious diseases, however, is that behavioral phenomena can be acquired by non-social mechanisms as well as through social transmission.By considering overlapping portfolios among financial institutions, we construct a financial contagion model for inter-bank networks with two channels of contagion: counter-party risk and common asset holdings risk. Based on the model, we verify the contribution of overlapping portfolios to systemic risk contagion and further analyse how the degree of diversification and initial shock affect ...exercises targeting linkages in the financial network other than interbank lending. This is a brief summary of the main results of the paper: Traditional indicators underestimate contagion risk. DR captures features of a bank systemic importance, such as …We measure the emotional valence of content the users are exposed to before posting their own tweets. We determine that on average a negative post follows an over-exposure to 4.34% more negative ...Explosive Contagion in Networks | Scientific Reports. The spread of social phenomena such as behaviors, ideas or products is an ubiquitous but remarkably …Define contagion. contagion synonyms, contagion pronunciation, contagion translation, English dictionary definition of contagion. n. 1. a. Disease transmission by direct or indirect contact. b. A disease that is or may be transmitted by direct or indirect contact; a contagious disease....contagion in networks, homophily may also explain such evidence. Here we develop a dynamic matched sample estimation framework to distinguish influence and homophily effects in dynamic networks, and we apply this framework to a global instant messaging network of 27.4 million users, using data on the day-by-day adoption of aSocial media are used as main discussion channels by millions of individuals every day. The content individuals produce in daily social-media-based micro-communications, and the emotions therein expressed, may impact the emotional states of others. A recent experiment performed on Facebook hypothesized that emotions spread online, even in absence of non-verbal cues typical of in-person ...Table 1. Four different models and corresponding algorithms describe influence or information spreading in social networks. Alg-cc and Sim-sc, indicated by the green colour, are basic models for describing complex contagion and simple contagion processes, respectively. Alg-cc is based on an analytical mathematical expression.This paper aims to construct a feasible two-layer network model for the emotional contagion of passenger groups in the case of large-scale flight delays. This improved emotional contagion model can study the emotional contagion mechanism and process of delayed passengers between online and offline social contact networks. …To assess the relevance of asymptotic formulae for studying contagion in networks with such sizes, we generate a scale-free network of 10,000 nodes with Pareto distributed exposures using the random graph model introduced by …Complex contagions that require more than two contacts to "infected" sources can be described with threshold rules. In the following description of such general contagion dynamics, the components of a network are regarded as either active or inactive and change their state according to three fundamental processes: (i) an active node becomes spontaneously inactive in a time interval ...Back to Our Network. Ho Chi Minh City. Location Type: Office; Time: Loading local time... Phone: +84 8382 57996; Fax: +84 8382 42996; Email: [email protected]; Address. Room 301, 3rd floor, Citilight Tower 45 Vo Thi Sau, Da Kao Ward, District 1 Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam. Get Directions.In this paper, we study an interesting problem of emotion contagion in social networks. In particular, by employing an image social network (Flickr) as the basis of our study, we try to unveil how users' emotional statuses influence each other and how users' positions in the social network affect their influential strength on emotion. We ...When it comes to television services, Dish Network is one of the more popular providers. With a variety of packages and features, Dish Network offers a wide range of options for customers.The discount rate and the rollover ratio play significant roles in determining the contagion effects. If the credit shock and liquidity shock coincide, the contagion effects will be amplified.,The results of this paper reveal the network structure of China's interbank market and the resilience of banking system to the adverse shock.

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Using these algorithms, we study the spread of contagion in scale-free networks with 1,000 players using millions of Monte Carlo simulations. Our analysis …tion is how network structure interacts with other potential sources of contagion. In the run-up to the crisis, leverage levels increased and capital buffers at some banks were extremely thin. Large financial institutions had increased their reliance on short-term Contagion in Financial Networks † Paul Glasserman and H. Peyton Young*The structure of this paper is organized as follows. The second part constructs a dynamic risk contagion model of inter-firm credit guarantee network. The third part simulates and analyzes the dynamic risk contagion mechanism of inter-firm credit guarantee network when firm assets are impacted. Finally, the conclusions of this paper are obtained.Contagion effects, also known as peer effects or social influence process, have become more and more central to social science, especially with the availability of longitudinal social network data. However, contagion effects are usually difficult to identify, as they are often entangled with other factors, such as homophily in the selection ...We estimated these contagion effects by combining daily global weather data, which creates exogenous variation in running among friends, with data on the network ties and daily exercise patterns ...Given ɛ > 0, a defended network (g, d) is ɛ-optimal if for all defended networks (g′, d ′). 2.2. Application: computer network security. We discuss the problem …In other words, the model of contagion in graphons is a good approximation of network contagion in any large enough sampled network. The proofs of Theorem 1a, Theorem 1b, which use concentration inequalities and the notion of cohesive sets, are given in Appendix C. 5. Optimal seeding problemsHere we extend simplicial contagion to time-varying networks, where pairwise and higher-order simplices can be created or destroyed over time. By following a microscopic Markov chain approach, we ...Understanding the emotional contagion process in the crowd will help to take measures in advance to avoid the large-scale spread of negative emotions in emergencies and reduce the loss of lives and properties. Studying the phase transition phenomenon is fundamental to analyzing and evaluating the crowd emotional …In other words, the model of contagion in graphons is a good approximation of network contagion in any large enough sampled network. The proofs of Theorem 1a, Theorem 1b, which use concentration inequalities and the notion of cohesive sets, are given in Appendix C. 5. Optimal seeding problemsMaking lessons fun is a fantastic way to help kids learn, especially when it comes to math. In the digital age, there are so many online resources to help kids with their learning. One of the most popular networks for helping kids with math...The financial crisis of 2007–2008 produced an enormous impact on financial, social and political levels for many world countries (see e.g. [1, 2]).After this crisis the importance of contagion in financial networks gained a practical importance and generated serious academic research with various models proposed for the description of this …Using these algorithms, we study the spread of contagion in scale-free networks with 1,000 players using millions of Monte Carlo simulations. Our analysis …ST. LOUIS (AP) — The estimated future cost to clean up 19 sites contaminated by nuclear waste from the Cold War era has risen by nearly $1 billion in …Abstract Many behavioral phenomena have been found to spread interpersonally through social networks, in a manner similar to infectious diseases. An important difference between social contagion and traditional infectious diseases, however, is that behavioral phenomena can be acquired by non-social mechanisms as well as through social transmission.The Dish Network satellite television service's basic actions are straightforward, but for those who want to make their television watching and recording even more efficient, there are a few tips that can help you get to things faster. Mos...New contagion measures based on theories of copula, heavy-tailed distributions and networks are introduced. The measures are applied to study international stock markets contagion during the Global Financial Crisis 2008. Having declined post-crisis, the contagion risk remains above its pre-crisis level for both advanced and emerging economies.There are two types of contagion that have been studied on networks formed by financial links. The first type of contagion is caused by insolvencies and flows from …Contagion is not necessarily a positive or negative force of encounter; it is how society comes together and relates. The book argues that a biological knowledge of contagion has been universally distributed by way of the rhetoric of fear in the antivirus industry and other popular discourses surrounding network culture..

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